Sweden
The light green area is the rest of the European Union
Sweden was the 22nd largest economy in the world by nominal GDP in 2018. Its GDP per capita was $54,112 USD, which is above the average for the OECD and High Income countries. Sweden is an open and dynamic market economy underpinned by high taxation and welfare. It was ranked 8th in the World Bank's Human Capital Index and 5th in the Economic Complexity Index in 2017. It is a member of the OECD and EU. It is not a member of the euro area. Services was the largest economic sector in 2018 (64.7 percent of GDP), followed by manufacturing (13.8 percent), and agriculture (1.04 percent). In 2017, the largest export sectors were services (32.2 percent), machinery (12.96 percent), agriculture (11.16 percent), vehicles (9.77 percent), and chemicals (9.22 percent). The largest individual exports were ICT services (19.18 percent), travel and tourism (6.19 percent), transport services (4.8 percent), cars (3.78 percent), and refined petroleum (3.35 percent). Its largest export partners were Germany (10.44 percent), Norway (9.9 percent), Finland (6.76 percent), Denmark (6.76 percent), and the US (6.58 percent). The largest goods imports were cars (5.9 percent), crude oil (4.8 percent), refined oil (3.82 percent), and parts of motor vehicles (3.61 percent). Sweden enjoyed strong productivity and economic growth between 1870 and 1970. It transformed itself from an agrarian to an industrial nation. This can be explained by a number of factors including the export of timber and ore to industrial Britain at the turn of the 19th century, its neutrality during both World Wars, and institutional reforms in the late 1800s. It has also benefitted from cheap electricity (hydropower) and its export orientation. In the 1980s and early 1990s, the economy struggled. Public debt was too high, and regulations had eroded the international competitiveness of Swedish firms. The government responded with fiscal discipline, a flexible exchange rate, and microeconomic reforms. The microeconomic reforms led to productivity gains, particularly in manufacturing, services, and export orientated industries. Key microeconomic reforms included deregulation of: banking and finance, power generation and distribution, telecommunications, and rail freight. The global financial crisis led to a recession but Sweden recovered quickly through the depreciation of the Krona and fiscal and monetary and fiscal stimulus. Sweden has also become a leader in start-ups and the new economy with Spotify its most famous example.
Its population in 2018 was 9,982,709 [
In 2015, 53.25% of its total energy 
In 2021, its GDP grew by 4.80% [
In 2021 it had a positive Current 
Its unemployment rate in 2021 was 8.80% [
Its Expenditure on R&D (as a percentage of 
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