International Reserves by Country (US$bn)

International Reserves (US$bn)

Total international reserves include monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members at the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange by the monetary authorities.

Country	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Afghanistan	5.16	6.35	7.15	7.29	7.53	6.98	7.28	8.10	8.21
Albania	2.54	2.47	2.60	2.77	2.67	3.14	3.11	3.59	3.89
Algeria	170.46	191.37	200.59	201.44	186.35	150.60	120.79	104.85	87.38
Angola	19.68	27.04	31.16	31.50	27.03	23.79	23.67	17.46	15.41
Antigua and Barbuda	0.14	0.15	0.16	0.20	0.30	0.36	0.33	0.31	0.33
Argentina	52.21	46.27	43.22	30.53	31.41	25.52	38.42	55.31	66.22
Armenia	1.87	1.93	1.80	2.25	1.49	1.78	2.20	2.31	2.26
Aruba	0.71	0.69	0.77	0.65	0.68	0.82	0.92	0.91	0.98
Australia	42.27	46.71	49.14	52.84	53.91	45.71	53.56	66.60	53.88
Austria	22.24	24.77	27.21	23.32	25.00	22.24	23.26	21.57	23.19
Azerbaijan	6.41	10.27	11.28	15.18	15.82	7.32	6.57	6.68	6.67
Bahamas	1.04	1.07	0.85	0.81	0.87	0.90	1.00	1.41
Bahrain	5.30	4.77	5.45	5.53	6.23	3.55	2.61	2.82	2.33
Bangladesh	11.18	9.18	12.75	18.09	22.32	27.49	32.28	33.43	32.03
Barbados	0.83	0.81	0.84	0.68	0.63	0.55	0.43
Belarus	5.03	7.86	8.10	6.65	5.07	4.17	4.91	7.32	7.16
Belgium	26.78	29.11	30.77	26.95	25.44	24.10	23.48	26.15	26.86
Belize	0.22	0.24	0.29	0.40	0.49	0.44	0.38	0.31	0.29
Bhutan	1.00	0.79	0.96	0.99	1.25	1.10	1.13	1.21	0.99
Bolivia	9.73	12.00	13.92	14.43	15.13	13.05	10.05	10.25	8.93
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4.41	4.25	4.39	4.98	4.86	4.79	5.14	6.47	6.81
Botswana	7.89	8.08	7.63	7.73	8.32	7.55	7.19	7.49	6.66
Brazil	288.58	352.01	373.16	358.82	363.57	356.47	364.98	373.96	374.71
Brunei Darussalam	1.56	2.58	3.45	3.58	3.65	3.37	3.49	3.49	3.41
Bulgaria	17.22	17.22	20.51	19.88	20.13	22.15	25.18	28.38	28.71
Burundi	0.33	0.30	0.31	0.33	0.32	0.14	0.10	0.10	0.07
Cabo Verde	0.38	0.34	0.38	0.48	0.51	0.49	0.57	0.62	0.61
Cambodia	3.82	4.06	4.93	5.00	6.11	7.31	8.85	11.78	13.89
Cameroon	3.64	3.20	3.38	3.47	3.17	3.54	2.23	3.20	3.46
Canada	57.15	65.82	68.55	71.94	74.70	79.75	82.72	86.68	83.93
Cayman Islands									0.16
Central African Republic	0.18	0.16	0.16	0.19	0.26	0.21	0.24	0.36	0.36
Chad	0.63	0.95	1.16	1.18	1.08	0.37	0.01	0.01	0.15
Chile	27.83	41.94	41.65	41.09	40.45	38.64	40.49	38.98	39.86
China	2,913.71	3,254.67	3,387.51	3,880.37	3,900.04	3,405.25	3,097.66	3,235.68	3,168.22
China, Hong Kong SAR		285.40	317.36	311.21	328.52	358.77	386.29	431.44	424.62
China, Macao SAR	23.73	34.03	16.60	16.15	16.44	18.89	19.49	20.17	20.28
Colombia	28.08	31.90	37.00	43.16	46.81	46.22	46.17	47.13	47.89
Comoros	0.15	0.16	0.20	0.17	0.17	0.20	0.16	0.21	0.20
Congo	4.45	5.64	5.55	5.25	4.93	2.22	0.71	0.38	0.42
Costa Rica	4.63	4.76	6.86	7.33	7.21	7.83	7.57	7.15	7.50
Croatia	14.13	14.48	14.81	17.77	15.42	14.97	14.24	18.82	19.99
Cyprus	1.14	1.19	1.19	0.92	0.89	0.81	0.81	0.89	0.92
Czechia	42.48	40.28	44.89	56.22	54.50	64.49	85.73	147.98	142.51
Dem. Rep. of the Congo	1.30	1.27	1.63	1.68	1.56	1.22	0.71	0.70	0.67
Denmark	76.51	84.96	89.70	88.68	75.39	65.19	64.22	75.24	70.94
Djibouti	0.25	0.24	0.25	0.43	0.39	0.37	0.41	0.56	0.45
Dominica	0.08	0.08	0.10	0.09	0.10	0.13	0.22	0.21	0.19
Dominican Republic	3.87	4.11	3.56	4.70	4.86	5.27	6.13	6.87	7.72
Ecuador	2.62	2.96	2.49	4.35	3.94	2.49	4.22	2.17	2.16
Egypt	37.03	18.64	15.67	16.54	14.93	15.86	23.64	36.40	41.84
El Salvador	2.88	2.49	3.18	2.75	2.69	2.79	3.24	3.57	3.57
Equatorial Guinea	2.35	3.05	4.40	4.57	2.91	1.21	0.06	0.05	0.05
Eritrea	0.11	0.12
Estonia	2.57	0.21	0.30	0.31	0.44	0.42	0.35	0.35	0.76
Eswatini	0.76	0.60	0.74	0.76	0.69	0.55	0.56	0.56	0.44
Ethiopia	2.24	2.84	2.30	2.36	3.53	3.84	3.03	3.05	3.99
Fiji	0.72	0.83	0.92	0.94	0.92	0.92	0.91	1.12	0.95
Finland	9.55	10.28	11.08	11.27	10.68	10.02	10.47	10.51	10.31
France	165.85	168.49	184.52	145.16	143.98	138.20	145.87	156.32	166.48
Gabon	1.74	2.16	2.35	3.00	2.48	1.86	0.79	0.97	1.32
Gambia	0.20	0.22	0.24	0.21	0.16	0.11	0.09	0.17	0.19
Georgia	2.26	2.82	2.87	2.82	2.70	2.52	2.76	3.04	3.29
Germany	215.98	234.10	248.86	198.54	193.49	173.73	184.03	199.98	198.03
Ghana	5.16	5.91	5.84	5.59	5.56	5.74	5.87	7.02	6.30
Greece	6.35	6.74	7.26	5.76	6.24	6.03	6.85	7.80	7.58
Grenada	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.15	0.17	0.20	0.21	0.20	0.23
Guatemala	5.95	6.17	6.69	7.27	7.33	7.75	9.15	11.77	12.58
Guinea	0.30	0.95	0.76	0.85	0.98	0.65	0.80	0.94	1.23
Guyana	0.78	0.80	0.86	0.78	0.67	0.53	0.58	0.57	0.52
Haiti	1.89	1.88	2.17	2.52	2.04	1.98	2.17	2.41	2.37
Honduras	2.70	2.78	2.53	3.01	3.46	3.75	3.81	4.71	4.77
Hungary	44.99	48.83	44.67	46.51	42.02	33.12	25.82	28.00	31.37
Iceland	5.79	8.55	4.19	4.24	4.18	5.04	7.23	6.57	6.32
India	300.48	298.74	300.43	298.09	325.08	353.32	361.69	412.61	399.17
Indonesia	96.21	110.14	112.80	99.39	111.86	105.93	116.37	130.22	120.66
Iraq	50.62	61.03	70.33	77.75	66.28	53.99	45.30	49.32	64.72
Ireland	2.11	1.70	1.71	1.64	1.75	2.20	3.59	4.41	5.22
Israel	70.91	74.87	75.91	81.79	86.10	90.58	95.45	113.01	115.27
Italy	158.48	169.87	181.67	145.73	142.76	130.59	135.13	151.12	152.36
Jamaica	2.50	2.28	2.00	1.82	2.47	2.91	3.29	3.78	3.53
Japan	1,104.56	1,295.84	1,268.09	1,266.85	1,260.68	1,233.10	1,216.52	1,264.14	1,270.47
Jordan	13.63	12.10	8.83	13.83	16.05	16.57	15.54
Kazakhstan	28.27	29.22	28.30	24.69	29.25	27.86	29.60	30.75	30.98
Kenya	4.32	4.27	5.71	6.60	7.91	7.55	7.60	7.35	8.20
Korea, Republic of	292.14	306.94	327.72	345.69	362.84	366.71	370.15	388.81	403.08
Kosovo	0.81	0.72	0.96	0.96	0.78	0.77	0.64	0.82	0.88
Kuwait	24.80	29.68	33.11	32.41	35.18	30.96	33.94	36.89	40.28
Kyrgyz Republic	1.72	1.83	2.07	2.24	1.96	1.78	1.97	2.18	2.16
Lao People's Dem. Rep.	1.11	1.18	1.27	1.07	1.22	1.05	0.88	1.27	0.98
Latvia	7.61	6.38	7.53	7.90	3.23	3.45	3.51	4.61	4.37
Lebanon	44.48	47.86	52.53	47.86	50.67	48.53	53.91	55.41	52.38
Lesotho	1.07	0.92	1.03	1.06	1.07	1.00	0.93	0.66	0.73
Liberia	0.47	0.51	0.50	0.49	0.50	0.52	0.53	0.48
Libya	106.14	110.54	124.65	119.71	93.62	77.65	70.19	79.42	85.34
Lithuania	6.60	8.20	8.53	8.07	8.73	1.70	2.60	4.45	5.77
Luxembourg	0.85	1.01	0.99	0.96	0.86	0.77	0.97	0.88	0.94
Madagascar	1.02	1.14	1.05	0.78	0.77	0.83	1.18	1.60	1.74
Malawi	0.33	0.22	0.25	0.43	0.62	0.68	0.61	0.77	0.76
Malaysia	106.53	133.57	139.73	134.85	115.96	95.28	94.48	102.45	101.45
Maldives	0.36	0.35	0.32	0.38	0.63	0.58	0.48	0.60	0.72
Malta	0.54	0.52	0.71	0.60	0.62	0.57	0.68	0.83	1.03
Mauritania	0.29	0.50	0.97	1.00	0.64	0.82	0.85	0.87	0.93
Mauritius	2.62	2.78	3.05	3.49	3.92	4.26	4.96	5.98	6.35
Mexico	120.58	149.21	167.08	180.20	195.68	177.60	177.97	175.47	176.39
Micronesia (Federated States of)	0.06	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.11	0.14	0.16	0.20
Mongolia	2.29	2.45	4.13	2.25	1.65	1.32	1.30	3.02	3.55
Montenegro	0.56	0.39	0.46	0.58	0.66	0.73	0.85	1.08	1.26
Morocco	23.71	20.17	17.14	18.80	20.27	22.75	25.10	26.19	24.46
Mozambique	2.27	2.59	2.96	3.35	3.22	2.58	2.18	3.36	3.26
Myanmar	6.05	7.36	7.35	8.84	4.51	4.60	4.89	5.21	5.65
Namibia	1.70	1.79	1.75	1.51	1.18	1.69	1.83	2.43	2.15
Nepal	3.00	3.70	4.42	5.43	6.22	8.15	8.74	9.44	8.34
Netherlands	46.15	50.41	54.82	46.31	43.05	38.21	35.91	38.42	38.43
New Zealand	16.72	17.01	17.58	16.32	15.86	14.70	17.81	20.68	17.66
Nicaragua	1.80	1.89	1.89	1.99	2.28	2.49	2.45	2.76	2.26
Nigeria	35.89	36.26	47.55	46.26	37.50	29.01	28.02	40.50	42.84
North Macedonia	2.28	2.67	2.89	2.75	2.96	2.47	2.75	2.80	3.28
Norway	53.22	49.40	51.86	58.28	64.80	57.46	60.45	65.92	63.15
Oman	13.03	14.37	14.40	15.95	16.32	17.54	20.26	16.09	17.39
Pakistan	17.26	17.70	13.69	7.65	14.31	20.03	22.03	18.46	11.84
Panama	2.71	2.30	2.47	2.85	4.03	3.38	3.85	2.70	2.12
Papua New Guinea	3.12	4.35	4.04	2.85	2.33	1.76	1.68	1.76	2.24
Paraguay	4.17	4.98	5.00	5.87	6.99	5.94	6.88	7.88	7.74
Peru	44.22	48.91	64.16	65.77	62.53	61.60	61.80	63.82	60.33
Philippines	62.33	75.12	83.79	83.18	79.63	80.64	80.67	81.41	79.20
Poland	93.47	97.71	108.90	106.22	100.45	94.90	114.33	113.27	116.96
Portugal	20.94	20.80	22.66	17.59	19.70	19.40	24.99	26.10	24.92
Qatar	31.18	16.81	33.19	42.08	43.22	37.26	31.89	15.01	30.36
Republic of Moldova	1.72	1.97	2.52	2.82	2.16	1.76	2.21	2.80	3.00
Romania	48.05	48.04	46.71	48.83	43.19	38.70	39.95	44.43	42.13
Russian Federation	479.22	497.41	537.82	509.69	386.22	368.04	377.05	432.73	468.65
Rwanda	0.81	0.93	0.72	0.95	0.84	0.82	0.81	0.89	0.91
Saint Kitts and Nevis	0.17	0.24	0.26	0.30	0.33	0.29	0.32	0.37	0.36
Saint Lucia	0.21	0.21	0.23	0.19	0.26	0.32	0.31	0.32	0.29
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0.11	0.09	0.11	0.14	0.16	0.17	0.19	0.18	0.17
Samoa	0.19	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.12	0.12	0.10	0.13	0.17
San Marino	0.45	0.34	0.39	0.54	0.39	0.38	0.45	0.36	0.34
Sao Tome and Principe	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.04
Saudi Arabia	459.31	556.57	673.74	737.80	744.44	626.99	547.27	509.46	509.47
Serbia	13.31	15.58	14.40	15.43	12.05	11.35	10.75	11.91	12.87
Seychelles	0.26	0.28	0.31	0.43	0.47	0.54	0.52	0.55	0.55
Sierra Leone	0.41	0.44	0.48	0.53	0.60	0.58	0.50	0.55	0.50
Singapore	231.26	243.80	265.91	277.80	261.58	251.88	251.06	285.00	292.72
Slovakia	2.16	2.42	2.52	2.15	2.62	2.89	2.88	3.62	5.23
Slovenia	1.07	0.99	0.95	0.92	1.02	0.86	0.74	0.89	0.93
Solomon Islands	0.27	0.41	0.50	0.52	0.50	0.52	0.51	0.57	0.62
South Africa	43.82	48.75	50.69	49.71	49.12	45.89	47.18	50.72	51.64
South Sudan			1.28	0.95	0.42	0.23	0.07
Spain	31.87	46.71	50.59	46.34	50.41	53.97	63.04	69.40	70.63
Sri Lanka	7.20	6.74	7.11	7.50	8.21	7.30	6.01	7.96
State of Palestine	0.53	0.50	0.66	0.69	0.67	0.58	0.31	0.45	0.54
Sudan	1.04	0.19	0.19	0.19	0.18	0.17	0.17	0.18
Suriname	0.69	0.82	1.01	0.78	0.63	0.33	0.38	0.43	0.58
Sweden	48.25	50.21	52.25	65.36	62.58	58.10	59.36	62.19	60.57
Switzerland	270.48	330.59	531.30	536.24	545.79	602.40	678.91	811.03	787.02
Syrian Arab Republic	20.63
Türkiye	85.96	87.94	119.18	131.05	127.42	110.49	105.95	107.66	92.98
Tajikistan	0.40	0.52	0.63	0.66	0.51	0.49	0.65	1.29	1.28
Thailand	172.03	174.89	181.48	167.23	157.16	156.46	171.77	202.54	205.64
Timor-Leste	0.41	0.46	0.88	0.69	0.31	0.44	0.28	0.54	0.67
Tonga	0.11	0.14	0.15	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.18	0.20	0.23
Trinidad and Tobago	9.69	10.50	9.90	10.68	11.97	10.38	9.99	8.89	8.11
Tunisia	9.76	7.79	8.72	7.55	7.50	7.56	6.14	6.14	5.66
Uganda	2.71	2.62	3.17	3.34	3.32	2.91	3.10	3.72	3.36
Ukraine	34.57	31.79	24.55	20.41	7.54	13.30	15.54	18.81	20.82
United Arab Emirates	32.79	37.27	47.04	68.20	78.42	93.93	85.39	95.38	99.50
United Kingdom	98.03	109.73	117.16	118.75	124.49	148.11	134.93	150.86	172.66
United Republic of Tanzania	3.91	3.73	4.05	4.67	4.39	4.08	4.35	5.89	5.05
United States of America	488.93	537.27	574.27	448.51	434.42	383.73	405.94	451.29	449.91
Uruguay	7.66	10.30	13.61	16.28	17.56	15.63	13.47	15.96	15.56
Uzbekistan				22.50	24.20	24.29	26.28	28.07	27.08
Vanuatu	0.16	0.17	0.18	0.18	0.18	0.27	0.27	0.40	0.42
Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. of)	29.67	27.94	29.47	20.28	21.46	15.63	10.15	9.79
Vietnam	12.47	13.54	25.57	25.89	34.19	28.25	36.53	49.08	55.45
Yemen	5.94	4.53	6.15	5.34
Zambia	2.09	2.32	3.04	2.68	3.08	2.97	2.35	2.08	1.57
Zimbabwe	0.73	0.66	0.58	0.48	0.36	0.44	0.41	0.29	0.09